Media asset management system for managing video news segments and associated methods

ABSTRACT

A method for managing video news segments using a media asset management system includes collecting the video news segments, associating corresponding geospatial data with each video news segment, and creating a search thesaurus including search descriptors with cross-references therebetween. At least one respective search descriptor from the search thesaurus is associated with each video news segment. The method further includes storing each video news segment, its geospatial data and its at least one search descriptor on the media asset management system for later search and retrieval, such as by a news broadcasting organization. The search descriptors may be geospatial search descriptors that are cross-referenced in a hierarchical relationship.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to the field of computer systems, and moreparticularly, to a media asset management system, such as for newsbroadcasting organizations.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the past few decades, there has been a dramatic increase in theamount of digital information being generated and stored. Thisaccumulation has taken place at an explosive rate. The sheer volume ofinformation available over the World Wide Web and corporate networkscontinues to accelerate. Broadcast organizations, advertising agencies,consumer products and services companies, and other businesses havedemanding media asset management needs. Since media assets are verycrucial to these organizations, they have a need for an efficient way tocatalog, browse, search and manage their media assets.

A digital asset management (DAM) system customized around a particulardomain or business area allows an organization to efficiently andaccurately capture knowledge about, manage and exploit their enormousstores of data. Digital asset management has been broadly identified asthe technologies involved with creating, acquiring, managing, storingand retrieving digital assets.

As a subset to this technology, media asset management (MAM) can befurther characterized as an advanced set of tools that enable media-richorganizations the ability to manage time-based content, such as audioand video, in addition to other items of value, such as imagery, officedocuments and text. The two key benefits associated to this class oftechnology are asset and value. An asset, i.e., stored data, has littleintrinsic value if it cannot be located in a timely manner or at all.The value of an asset can only be realized if it can be efficiently andaccurately identified, stored, retrieved and reused.

One approach for a media asset management system is offered by thecurrent assignee of the present invention, and is known as the Invenio™media asset management system. The Invenio™ media asset managementsystem streamlines the ingest process of digitally recording media intoa required format, and creating meaningful metadata, i.e., encapsulated“information about information” that is essential for future usability.An intelligent archiving links digitally recorded media to a searchengine so that it can be later located and retrieved. In addition, videosegments can be marked using a keyword list and synonyms that linksimilar content for deeper links and associations.

Another media asset management system is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No.6,567,980 to Jain et al. Video segments are cataloged according topredefined or user definable metadata. The metadata is used to index andthen retrieve encoded video segments. Video metadata track processorsconvert metadata tracks of video information to produce displayableframes containing hyperlinks between displayable data. Stored videoinformation may be browsed, and hyperlinked frames of metadata trackrepresentations are displayed for selection.

An integrated information processing system for geospatial media isdisclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,681,231 Burnett, in which visual, audio,textual and geospatial data is processed. A geospatial media recorderplaces geospatial data on each frame of the video segment. A geographicinformation system for managing and coordinating collected aerialimagery is disclosed in U.S. patent application No. 2004/0008866 toRhoads et al. Digital watermarks are used to convey information that isused to register or align geographic images with a corresponding imagelocation.

Despite the different types of media asset management systems available,news broadcasting organizations in particular have a challenging problemof managing their video news segments. News broadcasting organizationshave a large volume of temporal and location based media that is to bemanaged. Moreover, the volume of video news segments continues to growon a daily basis. Video news segments are provided not only locally, butthey are also provided from all over the world. News journalistsfrequently send video news segments from remote locations usingsatellites.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the foregoing background, it is therefore an object of thepresent invention to improve the efficiency in which video news segmentsare collected and/or stored for later search and retrieval, such as by anews broadcasting organization.

This and other objects, features, and advantages in accordance with thepresent invention are provided by a method for managing video newssegments using a media asset management system comprising collecting thevideo news segments, associating corresponding geospatial data with eachvideo news segment, and creating a search thesaurus comprising aplurality of search descriptors with cross-references therebetween. Themethod may further comprise associating at least one respective searchdescriptor from the search thesaurus with each video news segment, andstoring each video news segment, its geospatial data and its at leastone search descriptor on the media asset management system for latersearch and retrieval.

Collecting the video news segments and associating the correspondinggeospatial data may be performed using a geospatial video recorder. Thegeospatial data may comprise latitude and longitude. The plurality ofsearch descriptors may comprise a plurality of geospatial searchdescriptors, and the plurality of geospatial search descriptors may becross-referenced in a hierarchical relationship.

The geospatially enabled media asset management system in accordancewith the present invention advantageously allows multimediaorganizations, such as a news broadcasting organization, to moreefficiently manage their video news segments. This is accomplished byassociating geospatial data with each video news segment, and creating ageospatial thesaurus for the system. The geospatial thesaurus includes ahierarchy of globally unique locations and their geospatial coordinates.For example, a hierarchical relationship may be the following:continent, country, region, subregion, city and landmarks. Even thelandmarks may be broken down into specific type landmarks. Theselocations are spatially indexed so that a user search query returnsvideo news segments within a geographical search area or within aspecified distance from a search point.

The method may further comprise associating content data with the videonews segments. The content data may comprise a date and a time eachvideo news segment was collected. In addition, the content data maycomprise at least one of a topic, a location term, a landmark and anevent. The method may further comprise associating textual data with thevideo news segments. Associating textual data with the video newssegments may comprise transcribing audio from the video news segmentsinto text.

The method may further comprise generating at least one user searchquery, comparing the at least one user search query with the searchthesaurus for identifying at least one additional search query,searching the video news segments based upon the at least one usersearch query and the at least one additional search query, andretrieving at least one video news segment based upon the search. The atleast one retrieved video news segment may be played back whiledisplaying a map corresponding to its geospatial data. The method mayfurther comprise analyzing the at least one retrieved video news segmentusing a scene detection algorithm.

Alternately, the method may further comprise selecting a geographicalarea of interest on a map display, generating at least one user searchquery, and searching the video news segments based upon the at least oneuser search query and the geographical area of interest. The at leastone user search query may be compared with the search thesaurus foridentifying at least one additional search query.

Another aspect of the present is directed to a method for searching andretrieving video news segments stored on a media asset managementsystem, such as for a news broadcasting organization. The media assetmanagement system may also have stored thereon a geospatial searchthesaurus comprising a plurality of geospatial search descriptors withcross-references therebetween. Each video news segment may havecorresponding geospatial data associated therewith and also have atleast one respective geospatial search descriptor from the geospatialsearch thesaurus associated therewith.

The method may comprise generating at least one user search query, withthe at least one user search query including geospatial data, andcomparing the at least one user search query with the geospatial searchthesaurus for identifying at least one additional search query. Thevideo news segments are searched based upon the at least one user searchquery and the at least one additional search query. At least one videonews segment is retrieved based upon the search.

Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a media assetmanagement system comprising a media interface for collecting video newssegments, with each video news segment having corresponding geospatialdata associated therewith, and a memory for storing a search thesauruscomprising a plurality of search descriptors with cross-referencestherebetween. A processor may associate each video news segment with atleast one respective search descriptor from the search thesaurus. Adatabase may store each video news segment, its geospatial data and itsat least one search descriptor for later search and retrieval.

Another aspect of the media asset management system relates to a memoryfor storing a geospatial search thesaurus comprising a plurality ofgeospatial search descriptors with cross-references therebetween, and adatabase for storing video news segments. Each video news segment mayhave corresponding geospatial data associated therewith and also have atleast one geospatial search descriptor from the geospatial searchthesaurus associated therewith. A user input interface permits a user togenerate at least one user search query, with the at least one usersearch query including geospatial data. A processor may compare the atleast one user search query with the geospatial search thesaurus foridentifying at least one additional search query, and searching thevideo news segments based upon the at least one user search query andthe at least one additional search query. A display may display the atleast one retrieved video news segment.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the geospatially enabled media assetmanagement system separated into multiple-tiers in accordance with thepresent invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating the architecture layout of thegeospatially enabled media asset management system in accordance withthe present invention.

FIG. 3 is a top-level block diagram of the Invenio™ media assetmanagement system in accordance with the prior art.

FIG. 4 is a display screen providing metadata information on videosegments being ingested by the geospatially enabled media assetmanagement system in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a display screen providing an object search of the metadatainformation in the geospatially enabled media asset management system inaccordance with the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a display screen providing metadata information for a selectedvideo frame collected by the geospatially enabled media asset managementsystem in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a display screen providing scene detection information for avideo segment collected by the geospatially enabled media assetmanagement system in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a display screen providing indexing and cataloging informationfor a video segment collected by the geospatially enabled media assetmanagement system in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a display screen providing a query result window based upon aquery search performed by the geospatially enabled media assetmanagement system in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a display screen providing a query management window forperforming a more complex query search by the geospatially enabled mediaasset management system in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a block diagram illustrating the search engine and theI-Content components of the geospatially enabled media asset managementsystem in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a block diagram illustrating object identifiers associatedwith the cache database in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram illustrating the hit list database associatedwith the cache database in accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a block diagram illustrating the various components of theindexing process in accordance with the present invention.

FIGS. 15-17 are various display screens for an indexing tool inaccordance with the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a display screen providing a metadata manager for configuringproperties available for searching and properties for the cache databasein accordance with the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a block diagram of a media asset management system for a newsbroadcasting organization in accordance with the present invention.

FIGS. 20-22 are map displays associated with a media asset managementsystem for a news broadcasting organization in accordance with thepresent invention.

FIG. 23 is a flow chart illustrating a method for managing video newssegments using the media asset management system illustrated in FIG. 19.

FIG. 24 is a block diagram of a media asset management system formanaging video segments from an aerial sensor platform in accordancewith the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a flow chart illustrating a method for managing videosegments from an aerial sensor platform using the media asset managementsystem illustrated in FIG. 24.

FIG. 26 is a block diagram of a media asset management system formanaging video segments from security cameras in accordance with thepresent invention.

FIG. 27 is a flow chart illustrating a method for managing videosegments from security cameras using the media asset management systemillustrated in FIG. 26.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

The present invention will now be described more fully hereinafter withreference to the accompanying drawings, in which preferred embodimentsof the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied inmany different forms and should not be construed as limited to theembodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided sothat this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fullyconvey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. Likenumbers refer to like elements throughout.

An architecture overview of a geospatially enabled media assetmanagement system 100 will initially be discussed with reference toFIGS. 1 and 2. The geospatially enabled media asset management system100 allows multimedia organizations, such as a news broadcastingorganization for example, to more efficiently manage their video newssegments. This is accomplished by associating geospatial data with eachvideo news segment, and creating a geospatial thesaurus for the system100, as will be discussed in greater detail below.

The geospatial thesaurus includes a hierarchy of globally uniquelocations and their geospatial coordinates. These locations arespatially indexed so that a user search query returns video newssegments within a geographical search area or within a specifieddistance from a search point. The geospatially enabled media assetmanagement system 100 may be separated into three tiers 102, 104 and106. The first-tier 102 is the client-presentation layer, thesecond-tier 104 is the server or application layer, and the third-tier106 is the database layer.

Users interface the system 100 through the first-tier 102. One or moreworkstations connect to the geospatially enabled media asset managementsystem 100 though a local area network (LAN) 108 or through anInternet/intranet browser 110. User search queries are defined at thislevel for the system 100, and the results are also presented at thislevel.

The various components that make up the system 100 may reside in one ormore servers, as readily appreciated by those skilled in the art. Thesecond-tier 104 components include a Persistence Layer 112, an IndexingService 114, a Metadata Search Engine 116, a Hit List Manager 118, aMetadata Manager 120, a Thesaurus Manager 122, a Clip Resolver 124, anda Geospatial Thesaurus Manager 126. The Internet Information Services(IIS) 130 is a web application server for providing web access to thesecond and third-tiers 104 and 106.

The Persistence Layer 112 interfaces all of the databases and interfacesthe other system components. The Indexing Service 114 builds the IndexDatabase 140, and indexes new contents as they are created or as theirposition in the queue becomes current. The Persistence Layer 112provides access to the Persistent Store Database 142 and the GeospatialPersistent Store Database 144, and receives XML-based requests from thedifferent service components, and translates them to the databasespecific SQL (Structured Query Language) requests depending on theparticular database. Indexing takes place after a new segment isinserted into the system 100. During indexing, segment data is insertedinto the Textual Index Database 146 and the Cache Database 148.

Segment modification events are monitored by an event listener. Eachtime a segment insert or update event takes place, a segment objectidentifier (OID) is placed into an indexing queue. A Queuing Service 128builds and manages the list of segment to be indexed. A Textual IndexConnector 132 allows full-text searches using the Metadata Search Engine116.

The Metadata Search Engine 116 is the coordinator of all the searchprocesses. The Metadata Search Engine 116 executes user search querieson the full-text index, the metadata properties, the geospatialproperties and the thesauruses, and then returns the combined results.Search requests arrive from the client side, i.e., via the first-tier102, to this component in an XML format.

The Hit List Manager 118 correlates search results from multiple searchengine plug-ins, such as from a Thesaurus Search Engine plug-in and aGeospatial Thesaurus Search Engine plug-in, into one integrated list“pages” and stores the search results in the Hit List Database 158. TheMetadata Manager 120 allows the user to define which metadata fieldswill be indexed and cached. The Thesaurus Manager 122 allows a usersearch query to be compared with the Thesaurus Database 150 foridentifying additional user search query. The Geospatial ThesaurusManager 126 also allows a user search query to be compared with theGeospatial Thesaurus Database 152 for identifying additional user searchquery. The Clip Resolver 124 retrieves video news segments that satisfythe geospatial user search query from the Geospatial Persistent StoreDatabase 144.

Referring now to the third-tier 106, the main database is the PersistentStore Database 142. This database contains all the system objects andcontent metadata. It stores metadata for “content” objects, including:content type, creation date, version, owner, description, originalsource, links to related documents, links to thesaurus entries andgeospatial thesaurus entries, and content descriptors such as who, what,where and when.

The term content refers to a “media asset” stored within the system 100,such as a video clip, with or without audio, and text. The term metadatarefers to data describing the attributes of content, such as its date ofcreation, type of media, file size, video resolution, audio sample rate,origin, owner, related concepts, keywords, content, documents, peopleand places, transcripts of any speech, copyright information and anyother data considered useful by the users of the geospatially enabledmedia asset management system 100.

The Thesaurus Database 150 is a multi-lingual dictionary that storesterms and their relationships to other terms. A term may be linked toanother term by a hierarchical relationship, an associative relationshipor an equivalence relationship. The Thesaurus Database 150 is a book ofdescriptors about a particular field or set of concepts, including theirsynonyms. In addition, the thesaurus includes a list of subjectdescriptors with a cross-reference system for reference and retrieval.

In a hierarchical relationship, terms are linked with other terms forexpressing more general or more specific concepts. That is, broaderterms and narrower terms are linked together. For example, a broad termsuch as food can be linked with fruits, and fruits can be linked with anarrower term such as oranges, which can be further linked to navaloranges.

In an associative relationship, terms are linked with similar or relatedterms where the relationship between the terms is non-hierarchical. Inan equivalence relationship, “non-preferred” terms are linked withsynonyms or quasi-synonyms that act as “preferred” terms. Non-preferredterms may be indicated by the prefix UF, whereas the reciprocal of thisrelationship may be indicated by the prefix USE. For example, thefollowing terms are all the same type of orange: citrus reticulate,tangerine and mandarin.

The Geospatial Thesaurus Database 152 stores a hierarchy of globallyunique locations and their geospatial coordinates. For example, ahierarchical relationship may be the following: continent, country,region, subregion, city and landmarks. Even the landmarks may be brokendown into specific type landmarks. The Geospatial Thesaurus Database 152is spatially indexed to allow user search queries to return video newssegments within a geographical search area or within a specifieddistance from a search point.

The Geospatial Persistent Store Database 144 is a combination of thestandard Persistent Store Database 142 and the Geospatial Sync Database154. This database allows geospatial searching of persistent storecontent. The Index Database 140 contains the database index for thePersistent Store Database 142 to aide the system 100 in search andretrieval. The Statistics Database 156 contains the search statistics.The Hit List Database 158 holds the search results from the varioussearch engine plug-ins. Recently accessed documents by the system 100are stored in the Cache Database 148. This reduces access time whenrepeating a user search query. The Textual Index Database 146 containsthe full-text index for use with the Textual Search Engine plug-in.

The current assignee of the present invention currently provides a mediaasset management system 180, a top-level block diagram of which isillustrated in FIG. 3. This media asset management system 180 is basedupon a series of software components falling under the Invenio™ productline. The present invention enhances several of the Invenio™ componentsto provide the geo-spatially enabled media asset management (GMAM)system 100. Overall information about the Invenio™ media assetmanagement system will initially be discussed, followed by a discussionon the Invenio™ components that are modified to provide the geospatiallyenabled media asset management system 100.

Invenio™ is a single source, enterprise-wide media asset managementsystem providing for the acquisition, definition, editing, storage andretrieval of multimedia. The various components of the Invenio™ systeminclude ingesting, cataloging, thesaurus and archiving. With Invenio™,multimedia organizations are able to i) ingest and store almost any typeof media asset, ii) research and interrogate their media database, iii)browse and select media for retrieval, iv) edit the media, and v)transfer the media where and when it is needed and in the requiredformat when used in conjunction with various automation technologies.

The Invenio™ system is compatible with various browsing and global mediatransfer technologies. These technologies in conjunction with theInvenio™ system are offered to broadcast customers as an end-to-end,enterprise-wide approach that makes media available when it is needed,where it is needed, and in the format that is required.

The Invenio™ system is based upon a number of software components. Themain software components are Invenio™ Media (I-Media), Invenio™ Content(I-Content), Invenio™ Browse (I-Browse), Invenio™ Browse XP (I-BrowseXP), Invenio™ Web (I-Web), and Invenio™ Search OCX (I-Search OCX).

Still referring now to FIG. 3, the media ingest or cataloging isperformed in Block 182. Media 184 is received or collected by a devicecontrol system 186. Metadata 188 is extracted from the media 184 usingthe I-media component 190. The device control system 186 controls thedevice providing the media 184, such as a video news camera, forexample.

The metadata 188 is stored in a system database 192 for later search andretrieval. Indexing on the metadata 188 is performed in block 194, andthe I-Content component 196 allows a user 198 in a browse mode to searchmetadata 188 based upon text and content. The I-Content component 196also allows new text and content, i.e., new metadata 188, to be enteredby a user 200 in an editing mode as the media is being viewed. TheI-Content component 196 functions as an application server since itinterfaces between the users 198, 200 and the system database 192, aswell as with other components of the media asset management system 180.

Each of the different users 198, 200 interfaces the system database 192via their respective workstations. The presentation of data is providedto the users in Block 202. Even though the cataloging 182, indexing 194,presentation 202 and the database 192 are shown as separate blocks, theymay all be integrated into a single server, as readily appreciated bythose skilled in the art.

Modification of selected Invenio™ components to provide the geospatiallyenabled media asset management system 100 in accordance with the presentinvention will now be discussed. A series of steps were involved tocreate the geospatially enabled media asset management system 100. Thesesteps are listed as follows:

-   -   1) Several new classes were defined and added to the default        I-Content Persistent Store Database scheme using QDI-proprietary        XML tools;    -   2) A new database scheme called gs_admin and accompanying PLSQL        code was created to manage and manipulate the geospatial objects        associated with the video metadata stored in the I-Content        Persistence Store Database;    -   3) A tool was created to simultaneously populate the I-Content        Persistence Store classes and the gs_admin scheme with the        selected video metadata and geospatial information;    -   4) A new database scheme called ths_admin and accompanying PLSQL        code was created to manage and manipulate the location data        associated with the geospatial thesaurus;    -   5) A tool was created to populate the ths_admin scheme with        geospatial location data;    -   6) The client-side I-Content graphical user interface (GUI) was        modified to include a new GIS map/query interface, a geospatial        search results window/clip viewer, and a geospatial thesaurus        query capability;    -   7) The I-Content server-side COM+ search engine component was        modified to support a new geospatial search type;    -   8) A new server-side COM+ component was created to query the        gs_admin database scheme, and return the geospatial search        results to the main I-Content search engine component;    -   9) A new server side COM+ component called Clip Resolver was        created to return the geospatial clip search results to the        I-Content client-side GUI; and    -   10) A new, server side COM+ component called GSThesaurus was        created to query the geospatial thesaurus scheme and return the        results to the I-Content GUI.

The I-Media component, which is similar to the Invenio™ system 180, willnow be discussed in greater detail with respect to the geospatiallyenabled media asset management system 100. The I-Media componentcontrols video tape recorders (VTRs) including geospatial VTRs, scannersand multiple resolution video servers, and is the heart of the contentingestion process. Some of the tasks the I-Media component performsinclude media ingest, batch digitizing, feed recording and cataloging.

In particular, this component manages media ingest, shallow metadatadefinition, and quality checks for video, audio, web multimedia,scripts, documents, photographs and clippings. The I-Media componentcontrols devices in use by an automation system via connectivity to thedevice control system, or directly controls the devices. Its value isthe ability to offer a wide range of tools and features that assist inthe live and post production process. The I-media component also adoptsbest practice vocabulary control conventions that make it an idealportal for content management systems.

Featured functionality includes simultaneously ingesting in high and lowresolution, initiating archive of recorded material, and initiatingtranscode of recorded material. The I-media component is able to indexor log material on-the-fly with hotkey and keyword list features, createthumbnails during ingest, and create, execute and/or export edit datalists (EDLs) to third party NLE systems. This component is highlyconfigurable in that a client can configure up to 250 metadata fieldsfor specific ingest and indexing operations. Keyword lists assist invocabulary control, which is vital for any asset management system to beeffective. It also hands media off to media processing technologies suchas speech-to-text, video OCR and structure recognition technologies.

The media ingest task includes connectivity to high-resolution storagedevices, and concurrent browse resolution content definition. In thebatch digitizing task, the I-Media offers self-contained multitaskcontrol multiple VTRs/video servers to ingest all incoming material withframe accuracy. In the feed recording task, the I-Media can be set fortimed recordings of satellite or network feeds, or straightforwardrecordings onto video servers or videotape devices. In particular,corresponding geospatial data is collected for all incoming material.

For the cataloging task, the I-Media allows the user to define the mediabeing ingested with a full array of indexing modes. This is done whilerecording. An automatic mode automatically captures thumbnail and lowresolution browse proxy images. A standard mode has an unlimited numberof thumbnail images in each shot. A mark mode identifies events in liveprogramming, sports or news to prepare highlights and sub-clips (videoserver dependent). A continuous mode records live feeds for newsinterviews or programming with on-board, low resolution browsecapability in MPEG1 or MPEG4 for later review.

An example display screen of a user workstation illustrating media beingingested is provided in FIG. 4. Thumbnails of the video frames areprovided in field 250, and the corresponding metadata associated withthe thumbnails are provided in field 252. Metadata includes the name ofthe video news segment, reel number, time in/our and duration. Othermetadata information includes geospatial data, such as longitude andlatitude, corresponding to the video news segment being displayed.Thumbnails allow the user to easily determine the content of the videonews segments.

I-Media can also integrate with third party plug-ins to populate themedia metadata fields. For example, speech-to-text or closed-captioningsources can be added to the indexing process. I-Media is compatible withany ODBC. The database is user configurable, with unlimited thumbnailimage capture capability and hierarchical key word lists.

The system 100 is flexible and expandable. Any user workstation cansearch and view media connected to the various databases in either a lowor a high resolution mode from any place with network connectivity. Thesearching may be based upon an object search, for example. Thumbnails ofthe metadata may be provided to the client on their display screen infield 254, as illustrated in FIG. 5. Each thumbnail has a hyperlinkassociated therewith to the corresponding video segments in the systemdatabases. A user can also perform media management of material andexchange quality control (QC) logs, edit data lists (EDLs) or materialbins with nonlinear editing systems using industry standard fileconventions.

The I-Content component services 112-126 provide deep indexingcapabilities, scene detection, thesaurus and geospatial thesaurus tools,search, browse, segment media and administration utilities. While theI-Media component prepares the media for shallow archiving, theI-Content is for metadata creation and rough cataloging processes, andis the key to a successful asset management strategy. A display screenof a user workstation providing metadata to the user is illustrated inFIG. 6. In particular, field 256 indicates where the user is in thevideo segment via a thumbnail, and field 258 provides thumbnails on theremainder of the video segment. Various text boxes are also included toprovide additional information.

The I-Content provides a long-term, research and archive system formaterial storage. The ability to ingest material and add a limited setof metadata to the video segments is an inherent feature in most mediaand content management systems. However, it is a rudimentary approach.Benefits that can be derived by utilizing library science best practicesin the management of a news broadcaster's assets in the digital domainhave now been leveraged on a wide scale. Thesaurus basedindexing/geospatial thesaurus based indexing and searching is a step inthat direction, and is part of the methodology for library management inaccordance with the present invention.

Thesaurus based indexing gives the client the ability to apply diverseassociations to the video segments, which greatly enhances searchresults by finding material that is relevant to the subject matterregardless of whether the media descriptor or identifier is listed as akeyword. The value here is as follows; if you can't find it, the assetdoes not exist and the “unfound” media's value is literally lost.Thesaurus library management tools improve how effective the materialcan be indexed and located. It also allows a client to controlvocabulary, and make its specific company culture part of the librarymanagement scheme.

Featured functionality of the I-Content component includes locating andbrowsing media or video segments ingested by the I-media component or byautomation, and indexing using a metadata model, scene detection orthesaurus tools. Additional functionalities include segmenting material,creating associations at the media (micro) level, creating associationsat the database (macro) level, and performing thesaurus/geospatialthesaurus and hybrid searches. The I-Content also drills down intosearch results and demonstrates the value of improved search capability.Thesaurus/geospatial thesaurus and extensive wordlists are built usinglibrarian administration utilities, and broad system securityadministration utilities are provided.

The I-Content index process improves the accuracy and relevancy of thequery results by applying hybrid based indexing with boththesaurus/geospatial thesaurus and/or full text searching operations,using synonyms and linked concepts, even across multiple languages.

In addition, the I-Content component utilizes built-in detection forscene changes. This enables an operator to create a storyboard likedescription of the content for indexing. Sub-clips or extracts can bemade from the parent clip that are always directly referenced back tothe parent, so the original content is easy to find.

A display screen of a user workstation providing scene detectioninformation in illustrated in FIG. 7. Field 260 tells the user where theimage is in the video segment. When the video segment is being playedback, a bar 262 moves across the screen. Scene changes from one frame tothe next are provided in fields 264 and 266. The threshold orsensitivity of the scene detection module can be set to a desired level.For example, the sensitivity may be set to detect the slightest movementof an image from one frame to the next. Alternately, the sensitivity maybe set so that there is a significant movement from one frame to thenext before detecting a change in movement.

A display screen of a user workstation providing indexing and cataloginginformation is illustrated in FIG. 8. A quick view of the video segmentis provided in field 270. Thumbnails from the scene detection modulesare provided in field 272. Associated search descriptors attached to thevideo segment are also provided in fields 274 and 276. A contentdescriptor tree, that is, the thesaurus and geospatial thesaurus termsassociated with the video segments are provided in fields 274 and 276.

For archive management, the I-Content component gathers media searchdescriptors and technical data such as creation or media location forhigh and low resolution files. From these metadata fields, the I-Contentcomponent generates lists of media to be sent to deep archives andoff-line storage devices. Of course, this media can quickly be restoredto on-line storage, or modified/packaged for other uses. The I-Contentcomponent interfaces with hierarchical storage management devices thatsupport device control protocols, such as NDCP and VACP.

For media retrieval, the I-Content component offers three search modes.A full text search searches all the describer fields, a comparativesearch searches in the fields containing numerical values (dates inparticular), and an indexed document search. Once elements have beencollected in an album, a click is all that is needed to load theoriginal document with its associated software application. A displayscreen of a client workstation providing a query result window isillustrated in FIG. 9. A query or search field is entered in field 280.Based upon the entered search query, matching thumbnails are provided infield 282.

If a keyword search is not sufficient, then a complex query may be used.A display screen of a client workstation providing a query managementwindow is illustrated in FIG. 10. For example, in a news application,journalists may use the I-Content application to make shot selections.Producers can validate material for broadcast using fields 286. Archivedclips can be effectively found and repurposed no matter where they arein storage. Rating control or competition monitoring can be managed,researched and cataloged.

In the illustrated example, the database is the Microsoft SQL 2000relational database because it functions with speed and efficiency, andis optimized for multiple concurrent users. It also natively supportsintranet and Internet connectivity over standard protocols, withassignable user privilege levels.

The object-oriented interface makes the dictionary andthesaurus/geospatial thesaurus intuitive and easy to use. Multiplewindows allow each user to configure the workspace to personalpreferences. These settings can be saved and referenced to theirindividual system login profiles, presenting a consistent, personalizeduser interface, no matter where the client logs in.

For system and access rights administration, maximum protection andmanagement flexibility is to be provided. Comprehensive control of usergroups, attributes and operational feature access is possible. Rightsmanagement is available on standard Windows 2000 based file-by-file anduser-by-user granularity.

Third party digital rights management applications, such as those fromconsulting firms, can be integrated into the system 100 by usingstandards-based, message queuing and distributed transaction servicesbuilt into the application suite.

Backup copies and database maintenance operations are fully configurableand take place in the background, without interrupting normal operation.The system 100 is able to store media queries or request results usingXML. The I-Content component can export its request or resultinginformation to third party applications or production devices overOLE/ODBC connections.

The thesaurus and geospatial thesaurus are part of the I-Contentcomponent. Each document can be associated with thesaurus terms, whichdescribes document contents. The thesaurus contains selected words orconcepts, such as a specialized vocabulary of a particular field, suchas medicine or music, for example. The thesaurus contains not only thewords, but contains the words in a hierarchical format. From each word auser can navigate to the boarder term of the words or if it is exist, tothe narrower term. A hierarchical model of storing terms allows for amore efficient search.

The thesaurus has a multi-language support. It is possible to have morethan one dictionary. Languages may include not only English but alsoFrench and Spanish, for example. All the applicable organizations canuse and search the same database in their native language, which makesthe search process easier.

Indexing is finding the important topics, facts, names and concepts in asubject, and organizing them in some order so that users (readers,researchers, reporters, etc.) can easily locate the information theyneed. Indexing is a special skill, not a mechanical function. Computersare essential in index production, but software alone cannot compile atruly useful index. It takes human intelligence to trace ideas andpresent them concisely and correctly in the index or database.

Automatic indexing programs do not have the ability to formulateconcepts that are not explicitly stated in the text, for example,nutrition where only specific food items are discussed. Nor can theyidentify related topics (sonnet and poetry) or distinguish betweensimilar terms (New York for New York City and New York State).

A good index identifies information a user might look for, collects thedifferent ways of wording the same concept, and provides subentries toguide researchers directly to a specific aspect of a topic. Substantialinformation is distinguished from passing mention, and information forthe researcher is filtered to prevent burnout.

When a user looks for information about the “sleeping habits of thearctic fox,” it is not enough to search for “fox”. The librarian shouldadd to the object more specific indexing terms to make the informationretrievable. In case of the fox, the object must have been indexed withterms like arctic, fox, habits, dormancy habits, winter habits, forexample. The librarian has the main responsibility in each case. Withouta correct thesaurus, each librarian would index a document (object,film, picture, etc.) in their own way. Nobody would ever likely find thesame information, as everyone does not think the same way.

In the thesaurus and geospatial thesaurus there are features which makethe work of the librarian easier. Of course, to be able to use thesefeatures the applicable company or organization must have a complete andwell-structured thesaurus and geospatial thesaurus, with all thepossible cross-references. These cross-references make easier thesearching process as well. For example, in a subject-heading list therewill not be an association between Fidel Castro and Cuba. In a thesaurusthe librarian can index a picture with Castro on it with the wordCastro, and later during the search process, when a user searches forCuba the user will probably retrieve Castro's picture back as hit. Withrespect to geospatial data, the geospatial thesaurus includes ahierarchy of globally unique locations and their geospatial coordinates.For example, a hierarchical relationship may be the following:continent, country, region, subregion, city and landmarks. Even thelandmarks may be broken down into specific type landmarks. Theselocations are spatially indexed so that a user search query returnsvideo news segments within a geographical search area or within aspecified distance from a search point.

The I-Browse component is for searching and browsing low-resolutionmaterial, assembling shot lists and exporting material to folders. Theuser is then able to create cultists by populating folders with cut orwhole media. I-Browse XP includes navigational tools, such as scenedetection and speech-to-text recognition, which assist the client intheir search for the specific media they are looking for. Once thedesired media is located and the specific shot is located, I-Browse XPallows the user to assemble, register, review, import and export EDLs.

Browsing throughout the database makes an asset management systempowerful in that it helps an organization to improve accessibility toits content. Low resolution browsing allows users to find media fromtheir desktop via the house network. This allows employees in alldepartments, such as traffic, promotions, and production to locate mediafor use on the desktop. This helps improve workflow and businessprocesses, and helps streamline the cost of doing business by allowingemployees the ability to be productive on their standard office desktop.Featured functionality of the I-Browse component includes search andbrowse, segment material, and creating cultists by populating folderswith content.

The I-Browse XP component also uses navigational tools such as scenedetection and playback EDLs, and exports EDLs to folders. Accessnavigational tools (i.e., scene detection, speech-to-text recognition)assist in locating specific media/scenes, in creating, registering,previewing, importing and exporting EDLs.

The I-Web component is for searching and browsing, and populatingfolders from remote locations on the Internet or intranet using desktopweb browser applications. The I-Browse functionality is available usinga standard web browser. A software development kit (SDK) allows a userto personalize the look, feel and functionality of the web server.

Extending browse utilities on users' workstations make an assetmanagement system powerful in that it helps an organization improveaccessibility to its content. Extending these same capabilities beyond acore facility to business units and consumers with accessibility throughthe intranet or Internet using a standard web browser is especiallypowerful. Featured functionalities thus include searching and browsing,segmenting material, creating cultists by populating folders withcontent, and software development kits for ability to customize webserver design and functionality.

The I-Search OCX component is a search utility integrated with thirdparty applications. I-Search, which is a powerful search utility that isincluded with the standard I-Content application, is available in an OCXversion. This allows the user to integrate a common search utilityacross all organization applications that support OCX applications, suchas near line editing (NLE) and news control systems (NCS).

The content persistent layer and software development kits (SDK) willnow be discussed in greater detail. The application layer or businesslogic is a single or multiple Windows NT 4.0 server(s)/Windows 2000server(s), each running MTS (Microsoft Transaction Server, NT4), or COM+(Component Services, W2K). There are 5 main COM objects that providefunctionality of the system. The 5 main COM objects are i) PersistentLayer 112, ii) Searching 116, iii) Indexing 114, iv) Thesaurus 122, andv) Geospatial Thesaurus 126. The Persistent Layer 112 is the maincomponent that handles I-Content documents as persistent objects andprovides interface to the database for all other components. Also, thePersistent Layer 112 manages user's authorization. Web based clients 110interface through a Web Application Server 130. Collected media and itscorresponding metadata are stored in one or more databases.

Searching is performed for the I-Content documents and have highlyconfigurable options. Information about document model and searchingconfigurations can be retrieved using a Metadata Search Engine 116. Forthe index, document indexing is performed. For the thesaurus andgeospatial thesaurus, which also includes their respective dictionaries,separate databases are stored (Microsoft Server Database Engine 2000)and can be used for indexing I-Content documents.

The database layer is a computer running on Windows NT 4.0/2000,Solaris, Unix or another operating system with the selected relationaldatabase management system. The database supports the connectivity withthe MTS/COM server in the I-Content Application Layer 104. Currently,the I-Content supports the following databases: Microsoft SQL Server2000; Oracle 8i family; IBM DB2 and Informix.

For the geospatially enabled asset management system 100, Oracle 9i R2was used because of its spatial data types and search querycapabilities. Each component performs its own task. All relationshipsbetween components inside and outside the application server are basedon the XML requests (extended markup language). For example, an internalXML request from client to the Metadata Search Engine 116 maybe thefollowing:

<Query Version=“1.2.001” SearchSource=“1”>  <Atom NodeType=“FT” Stem=“0”Typo=“0” Case=“0” Visible=“1” Except=“0”>  <ClassID=“EF60587E-46F9-4730-80EC-F662062F5D71” />  <PropertyID=“00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000-75929E3B-F61D-4B86-B6A9-9F9FDE8010EF-0”/>  <Operator OpID=“CONTAINS” /> <Value Value=“sport” />  </Atom> </Query>

It is possible to talk with kernel engines through XML requests, but notnecessary. SDK provides the standard components, that is, the clientframeworks that should be used on the GUI to have more simple access toapplication server components. The client frameworks includeTH.CF—thesaurus client framework, GSTH.CF—geospatial thesaurus clientframework, PL.CF—persistent layer client framework, and SE.CF—searchclient framework. Another reason to use client frameworks is that a nextsystem version may use another internal format. Usual basic classes canbe created, and all activity can be performed through those methods.

As stated above, the Persistent Layer 112 is the main component in theI-Content, which provides two general functions. One general function isto provide access to the main database. The Persistent Layer 112receives XML-based requests from the components and translates them tothe database specific SQL (structured query language) requests, whichmay be different for different databases. Another general function is toperform the user authorization procedure. For authorization, theI-Content component uses the hardware key, which should be plugged intothe application server computer via a USB or LPT port.

Connection to the Persistent Layer 112 is based on the session method.Before any client requests are sent (any I-Content component, which inthis particular case is the client and the persistent layer in theserver) should open the session and receive the Session ID from thePersistent Layer 112. This unique number will be used during the wholesession. There are three types of authorization: internal, LDAP and NT.In the internal authorization, to login to the Persistent Layer 112, theuser must be registered and may not have an NT account. The LDAP is alightweight directory access protocol. The NT authorization is performedby an operating system, but the user also should be registered in thePersistent Layer 112.

In the Persistent Layer 112, several persistent stores can beregistered. Each persistent store has a unique ID, name, correspondingdatabase (design of this database was described above), security type,information about accounts for other engines, logging options and eventsinks information.

To register, edit registration or unregister, persistent store is used.To check the existing persistent stores, another powerful programpersistent layer tool is used. Using the persistent layer toolapplication, a user is still able to register, edit or unregisterpersistent stores (PS), but also can login to any existent persistentstores and explore it. Class explorer shows information about classes(document types) hierarchy and existing properties.

Also available is information about associations, word lists, permissiontypes, users and groups. The user is able to modify some types of data,for example, creating a new word list or modify an existing word list.Additional persistent layer tool features allow the user to generate*.bas visual basic source code, which contains declaration (constants)of classes ID, properties ID and association types ID, for example. Itis also possible to check all currently logged in users (sessionsinformation) and kill any session (similar to the task manager in theWindows).

The persistent layer architecture and available functionality isdescribed below with respect to the following discussion on the servercomponent. Discussion on the client framework describes how to usepersistent layer functionality using the standard provided component.The persistent layer server component is a COM+ Application “qipl2”,which should be registered on the application server. All clients callthis application directly if they are on the same computer, or use theproxy if they are on the separate computer.

Referring now to FIG. 11, the Metadata Search Engine 116 and theI-Content components comprise several parts. The Application Logic Tier300 (COM+) implements and coordinates search functionality, and DatabaseTier 302 is used by the application components and subsystems.Administration utilities help the configuration of the search engine.

The Metadata Search Engine 116 is the coordinator of the search process.Search requests arrive via a Search Query 304 from the client side tothis component in an XML format. The processing of searches is based onplug-ins. Two of the plug-ins include a Content Search Plug-in 306 and aTechnical Search Plug-in 308. Searches are specified by three types ofvalues: search operator modifiers and values, search operators specifythe exact functionality of the search function, and modifiers broadenthe search in various ways. The value is in the content of the searchphrase.

For the Content Search Plug-in 306, full text search, thesaurus search,geospatial thesaurus search, word list and boolean search is performedby this plug-in. This requires access to the Textual Database 146 viathe Textual IRS Layer 147, the Thesaurus Database 150 via the ThesaurusData Access Layer 149, the Geospatial Thesaurus Database 152 via theGeospatial Thesaurus Data Access Layer 151, and the Persistent StoreDatabase 142 via the Persistence Store Access Layer 153.

Full text search is done by the textual subsystem. The various searchoperators for a full text search along with the corresponding modifiersare provided in TABLES 1A and 1B.

TABLE 1A Search Operator Function Value EQUAL Search for words in textWords specified equal to the one in according to value. search patterns.DIFFERENT Search for words in text not equal to the one in value.CONTAINS Search for words in text containing the pattern specified invalue (respects order, adjacency, the missing word operator (#) issupported). NCONTAINS Search for words in text not containing thepattern specified in value (respects order, adjacency, the missing wordoperator (#) is supported). PHRASE_LIKE Search for words in textcontaining the pattern specified in value (respect adjacency, themissing word operator (#) is not supported). NPHRASE_LIKE Search forwords in text not containing the pattern specified in value (respectadjacency, the missing word operator (#) is not supported).

TABLE 1B Modifier Function Modifier1: Stem Find all words in text thatare morphological variations of the stems of the words specified in thesearch phrase. Modifier2: Case Uppercase and lowercase letters areconsidered in the search. Modifier3: Typo Typological variations of thewords specified in the search phrase are also searched.

A thesaurus search searches for documents that contain certain thesaurusterms derived from a search pattern by term expansion. Term expansion isa way to include several thesaurus terms in the search criteria, byfinding terms that fit the search pattern. For example if the specifiedsearch pattern is “car*”, then all the terms containing a word beginningwith “car” are going to be searched for, such as car, car company andcar wash. The various search operators for a thesaurus along with thecorresponding modifiers are provided in TABLES 2A and 2B.

TABLE 2A Search Operator Function Value ID_EQUAL Search for a term withA term identifier the term identifier (unique). specified in value.ID_DIFFERENT Search for all terms with a term identifier that isdifferent from the one in value. EQUAL Search for terms equal A term,specified to the one in value. according to the DIFFERENT Search forterms not search patterns. equal to the one in value. CONTAINS Searchfor terms containing the term specified in value. NCONTAINS Search forterms not containing the term specified in value.

TABLE 2B Modifier Function Modifier1: Terms that are in an EquivalenceEquivalence relation with the searched terms are going to be found too.Modifier2: Use Terms that are in a Use For association For with thesearched terms are going to be found too. Modifier3: See Terms that arein a See Also association Also with the searched terms are going to befound too.

Word list search and expansion works the same way as thesaurus searchand term expansion except that when expanding, word list elements arederived from the pattern, and then these word list elements aresearched. The various search operators for a word list search along withthe corresponding modifiers are provided in TABLES 3A and 3B.

TABLE 3A Search Operator Function Value ID_EQUAL Search for words with Aword identifier the identifier (unique). specified in value.ID_DIFFERENT Search for words with the identifier that is different fromthe one in value. EQUAL Search for words equal A word specified to theone in value. according to the DIFFERENT Search for words not searchpatterns. equal to the one in value. CONTAINS Search for wordscontaining the term specified in value. NCONTAINS Search for words notcontaining the term specified in value.

TABLE 3B Modifier Function Modifier1: Words that are abbreviations ofthe Equivalence searched words are going to be found too. Modifier2: not— used Modifier3: not — used

The Technical Search Plug-in 308 is used for searching for simple datatypes in properties of documents. Simple data types are date, extendeddate, integer, float and time code. The Technical Search Plug-in 308accesses the Persistent Store Database 142. The various search operatorsfor a full text is provided in TABLE 4.

TABLE 4 Search Operator Function Value EQUAL Search for dates equalDate(s). (The # to the date specified character can in value. be usedfor LESS Search for dates before missing the date specified inelements.) value. LESSEQUAL Search for dates equal to or before the datespecified in value. DIFFERENT Search for dates not equal to the datespecified in value. GREATEREQUAL Search for dates after the datespecified in value. GREATER Search for dates equal to or after the datespecified in value. BETWEEN Search for dates between the dates specifiedin value.

Caching is used to make information retrieval more efficient. Documentproperties are stored in the Cache Database 148 in a structure thatreflects the structure of search schemes defined in the Metadata Manager120 for document classes. Search requests are served using data found inthe Cache Database 148. FIG. 12 illustrates this process. Based upon aSearch Request 320, document objects are uniquely identified with ObjectIdentifiers (OID) 322.

Hit List Manager 118 and Hit List Database 158 store Object Identifiers324 of found documents of executed searches. Results of searches arepassed to the client side in data units called pages. Out of all thesearch results, one page contains data of only a specified amount ofdocuments. One page of documents has to be transferred to the client ata time, hence only a few of the search results have to be fully readfrom the database in case of a client request. Otherwise, storing onlythe object identifiers of found documents is sufficient to store searchresults on the server side. The purpose of the Hit List Database 158 isto store these object identifiers grouped into pages. One page containsthe object identifiers of documents that are entirely read from thedatabase at a time and sent to the client, as illustrated in FIG. 13.

The textual system is a full text search system that implements thebasic full text search process, advanced features like stemming andtypology check, and contains a Textual Database 146 for storingdocuments in a special format that allows for an efficient full textsearch process. The Textual IRS 147 is used as the full text searchsubsystem in the I-Content Metadata Search Engine 116.

The system components which take part in the indexing process areillustrated in FIG. 14. Indexing takes place right after a new documentis inserted into the system. During indexing, document data is insertedinto the Textual IRS 147 and the Cache Database 148.

Document modification events are monitored by an Event Listener 340.Each time a document insert or update event takes place, a documentobject identifier (OID) is placed into an indexing queue from a QueuingComponent 342. A Windows NT service (indexing service 344) keepschecking the Indexing Queue 346 asynchronously for newly inserteddocuments. When a new document is found, it passes the appropriatedocument data to the Textual IRS 147 and the Cache Database 148.

For performance reasons, a batch process is used to transfer documentdata into the textual IRS 147 and the Cache Database 148. The IndexingService 344 takes several documents from the Indexing Queue 346 at atime. It places data files into a temporary folder, and when a certainamount of document data is collected, it passes data to the subsystems(Textual IRS 147, Cache Database 148).

An indexing tool is a utility which can be used to monitor the IndexingQueue 346 and perform basic administration tasks. The user interface ofthe tool is divided into 3 main parts: History 360, Pending 362 andQueue 364 as illustrated in FIG. 15. In the History part 360, a list ofprocessed (indexed) documents is provided. In the Pending part 362, thelist of documents waiting to be indexed is provided.

The History part 360 is selected to list documents that have alreadybeen indexed. The number of most recently indexed documents to bedisplayed can be set. Only documents that have been successfullyprocessed can be set to be displayed. The comment tabs are not used atthe moment.

The Pending part 362 is selected to display documents that are currentlyin the Indexing Queue 346, as illustrated in FIG. 16. The followingoptions are available in the Indexing Queue 364: delete all documentsfrom the queue in field 370, reschedule all the queued documents to thecurrent time in field 372, and connect to a Persistent Store in field374.

When connected to the Persistent Store Database 142, certain documentscan be dropped into the Indexing Queue 346. This forces the system 100to reindex these documents. Reindexing is required, for example, whensearch schemes are modified. Options are also available for dropping.

Dropping all the documents from the Persistent Store Database 142 intothe queue is provided in field 376. Dropping documents of a specificclass in a Persistent Store into the Indexing Queue 346 is provided infield 378. Dropping of a document with a specified object identifier(OID) into the Indexing Queue 346 is provided in field 380. Droppingdocuments specified in a text file into the Indexing Queue 346 isprovided in field 382. When dropping documents specified in a text file,the format should be the following when the file is a plain text file,and each line contains a concatenation of two GUID's: a class identifierand an object identifier. For example:{69CFA5A5-2B6F-4AF4-AAEF-81CB81007902}{7F9CE441-45BF-4403-8596-C2C53F27D2A8}

Configuration for the indexing process can be performed by editing anXML file. The contents of the entries in this XML file can be changed toalter the behavior of indexing. TABLE 5 lists the entries that may bemodified:

TABLE 5 Entry Content Login Name of the Persistent Layer user accountfor indexing. Password Password for the PL indexing user account.Pl_batch_size The Indexing Service takes this number of documents fromthe Indexing Queue at a time. irs_batch_size Documents are inserted intothe Textual IRS when this number of documents are collected. max_triesThe maximum number of retries of indexing, if it was unsuccessful for adocument. Logfolder The directory where logs of the indexing process arestored. Documents Specific logging functions pl_calls can be turned onand off resultsets here. profiling

The Metadata Manager 120 allows the user to configure propertiesavailable for searching and properties for the Cache Database 148, asillustrated by fields 390 and 392 in FIG. 18. The window is divided intoa class list in field 390 on the left side, and into the classproperties and options in field 392 on the right side.

In view of the above discussion, one aspect of the present invention isa media asset management system 400, such as for a news broadcastingorganization, as illustrated in FIG. 19. In particular, the system 400comprises a media interface 402 for collecting video news segments, witheach video news segment having corresponding geospatial data associatedtherewith. The media interface 402 may interface with a geospatial videorecorder, for example, as readily understood by those skilled in theart.

A memory 404 stores a search thesaurus comprising a plurality of searchdescriptors with cross-references therebetween. A processor 406associates each video news segment with at least one respectivedescriptor from the search thesaurus. A database 408 stores each videonews segment, its geospatial data and its at least one descriptor forlater search and retrieval by the news broadcasting organization. Eventhough the memory 404 and the database 408 are shown as being separate,they may be packaged together.

For search and retrieval, a user input interface 410 permits a user togenerate a user search query, wherein the user search query includesgeospatial data. The processor 406 also compares the user search querywith the thesaurus for identifying at least one additional search query,and for searching the video news segments based upon the user searchquery and the at least one additional search query. A display 412displays at least one retrieved video news segment. The display 412 maydisplay the at least one retrieved video news segment while alsodisplaying a map corresponding to its geospatial data.

For instance, the display 412 may initially display a world map as shownin FIG. 20. Pop-up screen 413 permits the user to perform a full-textsearch or thesaurus search. A geospatial search query may then be usedto select a region of interest 415 as shown in FIG. 21. Pop-up screen417 permits the user to perform a more detailed full-text search orthesaurus search to a particular geographical area of interest. Thedisplay 412 may then display a split screen in which a map or overviewof the geographical area is provided in field 419 as shown in FIG. 22. Aspecified region 421 of the overview may be further selected and thevideo news segments pertaining to this specified region are displayed infield 423.

Referring now to FIG. 23, a method aspect for managing video newssegments using the media asset management system 400 comprises, from thestart (Block 420), collecting the video news segments at Block 422,associating corresponding geospatial data with each video news segmentat Block 424, and creating a search thesaurus comprising a plurality ofsearch descriptors with cross-references therebetween at Block 426. Themethod further comprises associating at least one respective searchdescriptor from the thesaurus with each video news segment at Block 428,and storing each video news segment, its geospatial data and its atleast one search descriptor on the media asset management system 400 forlater search and retrieval at Block 430.

For search and retrieval of the video news segments, the method furthercomprises selecting a geographical area of interest on a map display atBlock 432, and generating at least one user search query at Block 434.The at least one user search query is compared with the thesaurus atBlock 436 for identifying at least one additional search query. Thevideo news segments are searched based upon the at least one user searchquery, the geographical area of interest, and the at least oneadditional search query at Block 438. At least one video news segment isretrieved based upon the search at Block 440. The at least one retrievedvideo news segment may be played back at Block 442 while displaying amap corresponding to its geographical data, as illustrated in FIG. 22,for example. The method ends at Block 444.

Another aspect of the present invention is a media asset managementsystem 500 for managing video segments from an aerial sensor platform501, as illustrated in FIG. 24. The aerial sensor platform 501 may be anunmanned aerial vehicle, for example. Other types of sensor platformsare applicable, such as satellites, blimps, and even manned aircraft, asreadily appreciated by those skilled in the art.

In the illustrated example, the aerial sensor platform 501 is monitoringa certain geographical area, which may be as large as 100 square miles,for example. Since the monitoring is typically done over an extendedperiod of time, a large volume of temporal and location based media isbeing collected for the media asset management system 500 for latersearch and retrieval by a surveillance organization.

In particular, the system 500 comprises a media interface 502 forcollecting the video segments from the aerial sensor platform 501, witheach video segment having corresponding geospatial data associatedtherewith. The media interface 502 may interface with a geospatial videorecorder, for example.

A memory 504 stores a search thesaurus comprising a plurality of searchdescriptors with cross-references therebetween. A processor 506associates each video segment with at least one respective descriptorfrom the search thesaurus. A database 508 stores each video segment, itsgeospatial data and its at least one descriptor for later search andretrieval by the surveillance organization.

For search and retrieval, a user input interface 510 permits a user togenerate a user search query, wherein the user search query includesgeospatial data. As noted above, the geographical data corresponds tothe specific locations and landmarks within the geographical area beingmonitored. The processor 506 also compares the user search query withthe thesaurus for identifying at least one additional search query, andfor searching the video segments based upon the user search query andthe at least one additional search query. A display 512 displays atleast one retrieved video segment.

Referring now to FIG. 25, a method aspect for managing video segmentsfrom an aerial sensor platform using the media asset management system500 comprises, from the start (Block 520), collecting the video segmentsfrom the aerial sensor platform 501 at Block 522, associatingcorresponding geospatial data with each video segment at Block 524, andcreating a search thesaurus comprising a plurality of search descriptorswith cross-references therebetween at Block 526. The method furthercomprises associating at least one respective search descriptor from thethesaurus with each video segment at Block 528, and storing each videosegment, its geospatial data and its at least one search descriptor onthe media asset management system 500 for later search and retrieval bythe surveillance organization at Block 530.

For search and retrieval of the video segments, the method furthercomprises selecting a geographical area of interest on a map display atBlock 532, and generating at least one user search query at Block 534.The at least one user search query is compared with the thesaurus atBlock 536 for identifying at least one additional search query. Thevideo segments are searched based upon the at least one user searchquery, the geographical area of interest, and the at least oneadditional search query at Block 538. At least one video segment isretrieved based upon the search at Block 440. The at least one retrievedvideo segment may be played back at Block 542 while displaying a mapcorresponding to its geographical data, as illustrated in FIG. 22, forexample. The method ends at Block 544.

Yet another aspect of the present invention is a media asset managementsystem 600 for managing video segments from security cameras 601, asillustrated in FIG. 26. Various security organizations have theresponsibility of monitoring airports, shipping ports, and power andwater utilities, for example. Security cameras 601 positioned throughoutthe areas to be monitored allow for continuous monitoring, with eachcamera providing surveillance on a particular area of interest.

In the illustrated example, the security cameras 601 are monitoringaircraft 603 parked at an airport. Since the monitoring is continuous, alarge volume of temporal and location based media is being collected forthe media asset management system 600 for later search and retrieval bya security organization. Each security camera 601 covers a fixed area,and can pan, tilt and zoom on images within the fixed area.

In particular, the system 600 comprises a media interface 602 forcollecting the video segments from the security cameras 601, with eachvideo segment having corresponding geospatial data associated therewith.The media interface 602 may interface with a geospatial video recorder,for example.

A memory 604 stores a search thesaurus comprising a plurality of searchdescriptors with cross-references therebetween. A processor 606associates each video segment with at least one respective descriptorfrom the search thesaurus. A database 608 stores each video segment, itsgeospatial data and its at least one descriptor for later search andretrieval by the security organization.

For search and retrieval, a user input interface 610 permits a user togenerate a user search query, wherein the user search query includesgeospatial data. The geospatial data may include specific gatelocations, aircraft hangers, and building entrances/exits, for example.The processor 606 also compares the user search query with the thesaurusfor identifying at least one additional search query, and for searchingthe video segments based upon the user search query and the at least oneadditional search query. A display 612 displays at least one retrievedvideo segment.

Referring now to FIG. 27, a method aspect for managing video segmentsfrom a plurality of security cameras 601 using the media assetmanagement system 600 comprises, from the start (Block 620), collectingthe video segments from the security cameras 601 at Block 622,associating corresponding geospatial data with each video segment atBlock 624, and creating a search thesaurus comprising a plurality ofsearch descriptors with cross-references therebetween at Block 626. Themethod further comprises associating at least one respective searchdescriptor from the thesaurus with each video segment at Block 628, andstoring each video segment, its geospatial data and its at least onesearch descriptor on the media asset management system 600 for latersearch and retrieval at Block 630.

For search and retrieval of the video segments, the method furthercomprises selecting a geographical area of interest on a map display atBlock 632, and generating at least one user search query at Block 634.As noted above, the geographical data may include a specific area ofinterest that is being monitored by one of the security cameras. The atleast one user search query is compared with the thesaurus at Block 636for identifying at least one additional search query. The video segmentsare searched based upon the at least one user search query, thegeographical area of interest, and the at least one additional searchquery at Block 638. At least one video segment is retrieved based uponthe search at Block 640. The at least one retrieved video segment may beplayed back at Block 642 while displaying a map corresponding to itsgeographical data, for example. The method ends at Block 644.

In addition, other features relating to the media asset managementsystem are disclosed in copending patent applications filed concurrentlyherewith and assigned to the assignee of the present invention and areentitled MEDIA ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR MANAGING VIDEO SEGMENTS FROMAN AERIAL SENSOR PLATFORM AND ASSOCIATED METHODS, Ser. No. 10/834,543;and MEDIA ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR MANAGING VIDEO SEGMENTS FROMFIXED-AREA SECURITY CAMERAS AND ASSOCIATED METHODS, Ser. No. 10/834,728,the entire disclosures of which are incorporated herein in theirentirety by reference.

Many modifications and other embodiments of the invention will come tothe mind of one skilled in the art having the benefit of the teachingspresented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated drawings.Therefore, it is understood that the invention is not to be limited tothe specific embodiments disclosed, and that other modifications andembodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appendedclaims.

1. A method for managing video news segments using a media assetmanagement system comprising a single search engine, the methodcomprising: collecting the video news segments; associatingcorresponding geospatial data with each collected video news segment;creating, by the media asset management system, a search thesauruscomprising a plurality of search descriptors cross-referenced to oneanother, the search descriptors being linked together by a hierarchicalrelationship, an associative relationship and an equivalencerelationship; the hierarchical relationship being defined by searchdescriptors comprising broader and narrower terms linked together, theassociative relationship being defined by search descriptors comprisingterms that are linked with similar or related terms where therelationship between the terms is non-hierarchical, and the equivalencerelationship comprising synonyms; associating at least one respectivesearch descriptor from the search thesaurus with each collected videonews segment; storing the collected video news segments, associatedgeospatial data and associated search descriptors on the media assetmanagement system; providing at least one user search query to thesingle search engine, with the at least one user search query includinggeospatial data; identifying by the single search engine, prior tosearching the stored video news segments, at least one additional searchquery based on comparing the at least one generated user search querywith the created search thesaurus; searching by the single search enginethe stored video news segments based upon the at least one generateduser search query and the at least one identified additional searchquery, with the at least one generated user search query and the atleast one identified additional search query being used in the samesearch; and retrieving at least one stored video news segment and atleast one map based on the searching, with the at least one retrievedvideo news segment corresponding to the at least one generated usersearch query and the at least one identified additional search query,and with the at least one retrieved map corresponding to the associatedgeospatial data of the at least one retrieved video news segment.
 2. Themethod according to claim 1 wherein collecting the video news segmentsand associating the corresponding geospatial data are performed using ageospatial video recorder.
 3. The method according to claim 1 whereinthe geospatial data comprises latitude and longitude.
 4. The methodaccording to claim 1 wherein the plurality of search descriptorscomprise a plurality of geospatial search descriptors.
 5. The methodaccording to claim 1 further comprising associating content data withthe video news segments.
 6. The method according to claim 5 wherein thecontent data comprises a date and a time each video news segment wascollected.
 7. The method according to claim 5 wherein the content datacomprises at least one of a topic, a location term, a landmark and anevent.
 8. The method according to claim 1 further comprising associatingtextual data with the video news segments.
 9. The method according toclaim 8 wherein associating textual data with the video news segmentscomprises transcribing audio from the video news segments into text. 10.The method according to claim 1 wherein the media asset managementsystem is web based.
 11. The method according to claim 1 wherein thevideo news segments are stored in both a low resolution mode and a highresolution mode.
 12. The method according to claim 1 further comprisingplaying back the at least one retrieved video news segment whiledisplaying the at least one retrieved map corresponding to itsgeospatial data.
 13. The method according to claim 12 further comprisinganalyzing the at least one retrieved video news segment using a scenedetection algorithm.
 14. The method according to claim 1 furthercomprising: selecting a geographical area of interest on a map display,with the at least one retrieved video news segment corresponding to theselected geographical area of interest.
 15. A method for searching andretrieving video news segments stored on a media asset management systemcomprising a single search engine, the media asset management systemalso having stored thereon a geospatial search thesaurus comprising aplurality of geospatial search descriptors cross-referenced to oneanother, and each video news segment having corresponding geospatialdata associated therewith and also having at least one respectivegeospatial search descriptor from the geospatial search thesaurusassociated therewith, the method comprising: generating at least oneuser search query, the at least one user search query includinggeospatial data; identifying, by the single search engine and prior tosearching the stored video news segments, at least one additional searchquery based on comparing the at least one user search query with thegeospatial search thesaurus, the comparing being based on the pluralityof search descriptors, with a hierarchical relationship being defined bysearch descriptors comprising broader and narrower terms linkedtogether, an associative relationship being defined by searchdescriptors comprising terms that are linked with similar or relatedterms where the relationship between the terms is non-hierarchical, andwith an equivalence relationship comprising synonyms; searching by thesingle search engine the stored video news segments based upon the atleast one generated user search query and the at least one identifiedadditional search query, with the at least one generated user searchquery and the at least one identified additional search query being usedin the same search; and retrieving, by the single search engine, atleast one video news segment and at least one map based on thesearching, with the at least one retrieved video news segmentcorresponding to the at least one generated user search query and the atleast one identified additional search query, and with the at least oneretrieved map corresponding to the associated geospatial data of the atleast one retrieved video news segment.
 16. The method according toclaim 15 wherein the geospatial data comprises latitude and longitude.17. The method according to claim 15 wherein content data is associatedwith the video news segments.
 18. The method according to claim 17wherein the content data comprises a date and a time each video newssegment was collected.
 19. The method according to claim 17 wherein thecontent data comprises at least one of a topic, a location term, alandmark and an event.
 20. The method according to claim 15 whereintextual data is associated with the video news segments, wherein thetextual data is created by transcribing audio from the video newssegments.
 21. The method according to claim 15 wherein the video newssegments are stored in both a low resolution mode and a high resolutionmode.
 22. The method according to claim 15 wherein the media assetmanagement system is web based.
 23. A method according to claim 15further comprising playing back the at least one retrieved video newssegment while displaying the at least one retrieved map corresponding toits geospatial data.
 24. The method according to claim 23 furthercomprising analyzing the at least one retrieved video news segment usinga scene detection algorithm.
 25. The method according to claim 15further comprising selecting a geographical area of interest on a mapdisplay; and wherein searching the video news segments is also basedupon the geographical area of interest.
 26. A media asset managementsystem for video news segments comprising: a media interface forcollecting video news segments, each video news segment havingcorresponding geospatial data associated therewith; a memory for storinga search thesaurus comprising a plurality of search descriptorscross-referenced to one another, the search descriptors being linkedtogether by a hierarchical relationship, an associative relationship andan equivalence relationship, with the hierarchical relationship beingdefined by search descriptors comprising broader and narrower termslinked together, with the associative relationship being defined bysearch descriptors comprising terms that are linked with similar orrelated terms where the relationship between the terms isnon-hierarchical, and with the equivalence relationship comprisingsynonyms; a processor configured as a single search engine forassociating each video news segment with at least one respective searchdescriptor from the search thesaurus; and a database for storing thecollected video news segments, geospatial data and associated searchdescriptors; said processor further configured for receiving at leastone user search query, the at least one user search query includinggeospatial data, identifying, prior to searching the stored video newssegments, at least one additional search query based on comparing the atleast one generated user search query with the created search thesaurus,searching the stored video news segments based upon the at least onegenerated user search query and the at least one identified additionalsearch query, with the at least one generated user search query and theat least one identified additional search query being used in the samesearch, and retrieving at least one stored video news segment and atleast one map based on the searching, with the at least one retrievedvideo news segment corresponding to the at least one generated usersearch query and the at least one identified additional search query,and with the at least one retrieved map corresponding to the associatedgeospatial data of the at least one retrieved video news segment. 27.The media asset management system according to claim 26 wherein thegeospatial data comprises latitude and longitude.
 28. The media assetmanagement system according to claim 26 wherein the plurality of searchdescriptors comprise a plurality of geospatial search descriptors. 29.The media asset management system according to claim 26 furthercomprising a user input interface for permitting a user to input contentdata; and wherein said processor associates the content data with thevideo news segments.
 30. The media asset management system according toclaim 29 wherein the content data comprises a date and a time each videonews segment was collected.
 31. The media asset management systemaccording to claim 29 wherein the content data comprises at least one ofa topic, a location term, a landmark and an event.
 32. The media assetmanagement system according to claim 26 wherein said processorassociates textual data with the video news segments by transcribingaudio from the video news segments into text.
 33. The media assetmanagement system according to claim 26 wherein each video news segmentis stored in both a low resolution mode and a high resolution mode. 34.The media asset management system according to claim 26 wherein themedia asset management system is web based.
 35. The media assetmanagement system according to claim 26 further comprising a user inputinterface for permitting a user to generate at least one user searchquery; and wherein said processor: searches said database based upon theat least one user search query and the at least one identifiedadditional search query for retrieving at least one video news segment.36. The media asset management system according to claim 35 furthercomprising a display for playing back the at least one retrieved videonews segment while displaying a map corresponding to its geospatialdata.
 37. The media asset management system according to claim 36wherein said processor monitors the at least one retrieved video newssegment using a scene detection algorithm.
 38. The media assetmanagement system according to claim 26 further comprising: a mapdisplay; a user input interface for permitting a user to select ageographical area of interest on said map display; and said processorsearching the video news segments based upon the at least one receiveduser search query, and the at least one identified additional searchquery and the selected geographical area of interest.
 39. A media assetmanagement system for video news segments comprising: a memory forstoring a geospatial search thesaurus comprising a plurality of searchdescriptors cross-referenced to one another, the search descriptorsbeing linked together by a hierarchical relationship, an associativerelationship and an equivalence relationship; a database for storingvideo news segments, each video news segment having correspondinggeospatial data associated therewith and also having at least onegeospatial search descriptor from the geospatial search thesaurusassociated therewith; a user input interface for permitting a user togenerate at least one user search query, the at least one user searchquery including geospatial data; a processor configured as a singlesearch engine for comparing the at least one generated user search querywith the geospatial search thesaurus for identifying, prior to searchingthe stored video news segments, at least one additional search querybased on comparing the at least one user search query with thegeospatial search thesaurus, the comparing being based on the searchdescriptors being linked together by the hierarchical relationship, theassociative relationship and the equivalence relationship, with thehierarchical relationship being defined by search descriptors comprisingbroader and narrower terms linked together, with the associativerelationship being defined by search descriptors comprising terms thatare linked with similar or related terms where the relationship betweenthe terms is non-hierarchical, and with the equivalence relationshipcomprising synonyms, searching the video news segments based upon the atleast one user search query and the at least one additional searchquery, with the at least one generated user search query and the atleast one identified additional search query being used in the samesearch, and retrieving at least one stored video news segment and atleast one map based on the searching, with the at least one retrievedvideo news segment corresponding to the at least one generated usersearch query and the at least one identified additional search query,and with the at least one retrieved map corresponding to the associatedgeospatial data of the at least one retrieved video news segment; and adisplay for displaying the at least one retrieved video news segment andthe at least one retrieved map.
 40. The media asset management systemaccording to claim 39 wherein the geospatial data comprises latitude andlongitude.
 41. The media asset management system according to claim 39wherein said user input interface also permits the user to generatecontent data.
 42. The media asset management system according to claim41 wherein the content data comprises a date and a time each video newssegment was collected.
 43. The media asset management system accordingto claim 41 wherein the content data comprises at least one of a topic,a location term, a landmark and an event.
 44. The media asset managementsystem according to claim 39 wherein textual data is associated with thevideo news segments.
 45. The media asset management system according toclaim 44 wherein the textual data comprises transcribed audio from thevideo news segments.
 46. The media asset management system according toclaim 39 wherein the video news segments are stored in said database inboth a low resolution mode and a high resolution mode.
 47. The mediaasset management system according to claim 39 wherein the media assetmanagement system is web based.
 48. The media asset management systemaccording to claim 39 wherein said display displays the at least oneretrieved video news segment while also displaying the at least oneretrieved map corresponding to its geospatial data.
 49. The media assetmanagement system according to claim 48 wherein said processor analyzesthe at least one retrieved video news segment using a scene detectionalgorithm.
 50. The media asset management system according to claim 39wherein said display comprises a map display; and wherein said userinput interface also permits the user to select a geographical area ofinterest on said map display; and wherein said processor searchesdatabase based upon the at least one generated user search query, the atleast one identified additional search query and the selectedgeographical area of interest.